By 1979, when the production of the type ended, over
5,000 Phantom IIs had been built around the world. The prototype XF4H-1
was first flown in May 1958,
having been developed as a carrier fighter for the U.S. Navy. The first
versions were the F-4A and F-4B for the Navy, followed by the C,D and E
for the U.S. Air Force (USAF).
The Phantom was the main U.S. fighter in the Vietnam war and served in
numerous other air forces around the world, including those of Britain
(RAF and Navy, built
in Britain), Germany, Japan, Turkey and Iran.
The most widely used Phantom II version was the F-4E,
with 1,329 produced for the USAF alone. The aircraft had built itself
such a reputation that it was
the inevitable choice when the Israeli Air Force came to choose its new
fighter, following the six days war, and over the years 204 had been
supplied, some as
attrition replacements for losses suffered during the Yom Kippur war.
The first Phantom landed in Israel on September 5, 1969, and was quickly
put into action
in the War of Attrition that raged along the Suez Canal. The first
attack on October 22 was directed against an SA-2 battery. Its first
aerial victory came on
November,11 1969, when 2 Phantoms encountered 4 Egyptian Mig-21s and
shot one of them down. During the Yom Kippur War, the fighter equipped 7
squadrons and was the main Israeli fighter of the war. It also played a
major part in the destruction of the Syrian SAMs in the Bekaa Valley in
1982 and in service in the IAF has downed 116.5 enemy aircraft.
Since 1980, the Israeli Air Force, together with Israel Aircraft
Industries, have engaged in an upgrade program for the fighter,
resulting in the Kurnass 2000, with
revised electronics,cockpit and radar upgrades, structural strengthening
and more. The first Kurnass 2000 flew on August 11, 1987, and the type
was declared
operational by the air force on April 9, 1988. It has since taken part
in the everyday operations of the air force and had seen combat in
attacks on terrorist
bases in Lebanon.
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